The magnitude of mortality rate and its predictors among adult patients admitted to the Intensive care unit at two government hospital in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: retrospective cross-sectional study

Background : The number of life-threatening conditions requiring intensive care units has increased significantly in low-income countries due to the number of hospital expansions. The rate of ICU mortality rate differs by region in Ethiopia. However, the evidence on ICU mortality and its predictors remains uncertain. Objectives to assess the magnitude of the mortality rate and its predictors among hospitalized adult patients Methodology: two center retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among patients admitted to ICU from December 1, 2023, to May 30, 2024. A pretested and structured questionnaire was used. The completed data was collected via web link after being prepared by kobtoolbox.org, coded, manually checked, and exported to SPSS version 27 for data analysis. to analyze the data descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used. Result: A total of 309 study participants’ charts were reviewed. Five days was the median duration of ICU stay. postoperative, septic shock, stroke, and congestive heart failure were the leading causes of ICU admissions and the common causes of death were septic shock, stroke, head trauma and ARDS. The overall mortality rate of the ICU-admitted patients was 46.3% (95% CI: 40.5, 51.8). having higher Charleson comorbidity index score, mechanical ventilation required at admission and hospital acquired infection were significantly associated with ICU mortality Conclusion : Compared to some developed countries, the observed mortality rate is higher. According to the current study's findings, hospital-acquired infections, the Charlson comorbidity index, and the need for mechanical ventilation all significantly correlated with the mortality predictor of intensive care unit patients.