Epstein-Barr Virus Induced Hyperbilirubinemia and Jaundice: A Case Report

Background Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the primary causative virus of infectious mononucleosis (IM), with a typical disease course characterized by fever, sore throat, and malaise and common metabolic derangements of elevated transaminases. Case Presentation We present the case of a 30-year-old postpartum Caucasian female with painless jaundice and was found to have markedly elevated total and direct bilirubin, anemia, and splenomegaly. Serologic testing confirmed acute EBV infection and laboratory findings suggestive of a hemolytic process, including positive direct antiglobulin test and reticulocytosis. Her symptoms and liver function abnormalities gradually improved with supportive care underscoring EBV as a rare cause of significant hyperbilirubinemia in adults. Conclusion This case underscores the need to maintain a broad differential when evaluating hyperbilirubinemia, including atypical viral etiologies such as Epstein-Barr virus.