Fear of Infertility Among Women in Africa: A Scoping Review of Qualitative Evidence

Background Fear of infertility (FOI) is frequently reported in reproductive health literature, but this topic has rarely been synthesised or reviewed comprehensively. The aim of this scoping review was to explore how infertile women in Africa perceive and experience infertility and to identify the main concepts related to FOI. Given the socio-cultural diversity across African countries, this review specifically focuses on qualitative studies to allow for a deeper understanding of the issue through women’s own voices. Methods Eligibility criteria for this review included qualitative studies reporting on the perspectives of infertile women across Africa, regardless of age. MEDLINE and CINAHL databases were searched for studies published in English from database inception to October 2025 using keywords related to Africa, infertility and fear. Additional studies were identified by hand-searching the reference lists of included articles. Studies were included if they explored the fear of infertility (FOI) and its impact on reproductive health and behaviour. Quantitative studies and those not focused on Africa were excluded. Results Of 248 citations identified, 11 qualitative studies were included. FOI was reported across various groups (e.g.,infertile married and unmarried women as well as religious leaders). Two types of fears emerged: (1) fear of causing infertility through reproductive choices (e.g., using contraception) and (2) fear of the ramifications of infertility (e.g., polygamy, divorce, stigma). Reasons for these fears were rooted in beliefs such as internal accumulation of menstrual blood, ovarian damage and deliberate toxicity. These fears influenced reproductive behaviour, including contraceptive use, help-seeking behaviours and social interactions. Many women expressed fear that infertility would lead to social exclusion. Conclusion The simultaneous desire for and fear of contraception in the African context can be understood within the broader social and economic uncertainties faced by many communities. The findings underscore the need for policymakers to address the fears surrounding modern contraception and its link to infertility. FOI is an important phenomenon that warrants further research to better understand its implications for reproductive health services. Misinformation and cultural distortions surrounding fertility must be addressed through education, sexual and reproductive health policies as well as improved counselling.