Physicochemical properties, proximate and mineral composition of the grains of four sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties produced in Burkina Faso

Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) is an oilseed crop rich in nutrients. Several varieties of Burkina Faso are cultivated, but their nutritional composition remains poorly studied. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical and nutritional properties of four sesame varieties ( A Kilom , Wollega , Pakre-saaya , Bo nognora ) available in Burkina Faso, whole and after hulling, produced in Burkina Faso. Color parameters were evaluated according to the CIE Lab* system, and physicochemical and nutritional parameters according to standard methods. The results revealed that hulling significantly influences seed color, with an increase in lightness values (L*) and a reduction in chromatic components (a*, b*). The A Kilom variety that was black in color, the other varieties were white. The results showed that whole seeds have significantly higher mineral contents. On the other hand, hulled seeds revealed a higher lipid and energy content. Significant variations were also observed between the different varieties, highlighting the influence of genotype on nutritional composition. The weight of 1000 grains varied from 1.29 g to 1.32 g. The percentage of moisture and ash ranged from 2.30 ± 0.09 to 3.95 ± 0.01% and 2.33 ± 0.02 to 6.90 ± 0.02%, respectively, and that of fat 41.80 ± 7.07 to 63.86 ± 1.41%, while the protein content ranged from 9.35 ± 7.78 to 20.15 ± 1.41%. Carbohydrate content ranged from 3.78 ± 7.92 to 10.61 ± 1.63%, energy value 2145.69 ± 16.07 to 3657.05 ± 7.07 Kj/100g. The contents of calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc and iron ranged from 92.66 ± 7.07 to 594.81 ± 7.07 mg/100g, 203.57 ± 7.07 to 467.55 ± 7.07 mg/100g, 163.54 ± 7.07 mg/100g to 265.38 ± 7.07 mg/100g, 3.71 ± 7.07 to 4.84 ± 7.07 mg/100g and 3.25 ± 0.00 to 10.38 ± 7.07mg/100g, respectively. This study helps to better guide the choice of varieties according to food or industrial uses, and highlights the interest of sesame as a source of essential nutrients in diets.