Knowledge, Attitudes, and Risk Factor Awareness Regarding Oral Cancer Among Dentists in Turkey

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of Turkish dentists regarding oral cancer and to investigate the influence of age and professional specialization on these factors. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted among dentists in Turkey using a 30-item questionnaire adapted from previously validated instruments. The survey included sections on sociodemographic data, awareness of risk factors, knowledge of oral cancer, and clinical attitudes. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, with post-hoc analyses of standardized residuals. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 1,149 dentists participated. Awareness of major risk factors—tobacco (99%), betel chewing (97.9%), alcohol consumption (90.4%), UV exposure (91.5%), and HPV infection (85.7%)—was high. Significant associations were found between awareness levels and both age and professional status (p < 0.001). Younger dentists (22–29 years) showed greater awareness of HPV infection (p < 0.001) and UV exposure (p < 0.001), whereas specialists demonstrated higher knowledge than general practitioners (p < 0.01). Only 28.8% of participants felt confident diagnosing oral cancer, and 37.1% were confident palpating lymph nodes (p < 0.05). Routine oral mucosal examination was reported by 76.2% of respondents (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Despite high awareness of major risk factors, notable gaps remain in clinical confidence and patient education regarding oral cancer. Strengthening undergraduate curricula and implementing continuing education programs focused on oral oncology are essential to improve early detection, enhance diagnostic competence, and promote patient counseling in dental practice.