Pomegranate Septum Ultrasonic Extraction and Utilization of its Functional Benefits Against HCT-116 cells and Manufacture Gluten-Free Pancake

Pomegranate septum (PS), an underutilized by-product of juice processing, represents a rich source of bioactive polyphenols. This study is the first to apply ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to pomegranate septum (PSU) for efficient, green recovery of bioactive. Comprehensive profiling using FTIR, GC–MS, and LC–MS/MS revealed the presence of key bioactive components. PSU revealed a diverse compound spectrum comprising 45% methyl gallate, 36% hydrolysable tannins (ellagic and gallic acids), and p -coumaric acid (6%), alongside flavonoids. These constituents were highly effective as antioxidants through ABTS, DPPH·, and FRAP assays and broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects by inhibited about 50% of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Additionally, it was displayed moderate antiproliferative activity against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells (IC₅₀=784.09 µg/mL). It improved antioxidant capacity, nutritional quality, and microbial stability over six days in gluten-free pancakes. These results highlight PSU’s dual functionality as a natural therapeutic candidate and bioactive food ingredient promoting health and sustainability.