The predictive value of the leuko-glycemic index in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients after surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Purpose : To investigate the predictive value of the leuko-glycemic index (LGI) for postoperative outcomes in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and to provide a reference for clinical prognostic evaluation. Methods : A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent surgical treatment for spontaneous ICH at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between January 2013 and December 2023. Patients were grouped according to their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 30 days post-ICH. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between inflammatory markers and prognosis, and a predictive model was established. The predictive value and optimal cutoff point of LGI were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results : A total of 720 postoperative spontaneous ICH patients were included, with 224 patients (31.11%) in the favorable prognosis group and 496 patients (68.89%) in the poor prognosis group. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, intraventricular hemorrhage, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, early tracheostomy, LGI, potassium levels, blood glucose levels, albumin levels, and heart rate. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified GCS score, LGI, secondary hemorrhage, and artificial airway as independent risk factors for poor prognosis after spontaneous ICH surgery. Conclusion : LGI and admission GCS score are effective predictors of clinical outcomes in spontaneous ICH patients. An LGI value >98.38 and a GCS score <9 indicate an increased risk of poor clinical outcomes.