Mode I Crack Propagation in Solid Propellants via Non-Ordinary State-Based Peridynamic

Solid propellant is a particle-reinforced polymeric material. Modeling the large - deformation and progressive fracture of propellants is arduous for grid - based techniques. To address Mode-I fracture behavior in solid propellants, this study develops a Non-Ordinary State-Based Peridynamic (NOSB-PD) model to simulate damage evolution and validates the results against experimental data. By correlating with the experimental load-displacement data, this study inversely identified the critical stretch in the peridynamic model.The fracture process exhibits three characteristic phases: linear response, progressive crack tip blunting, and ultimate propagation. NOSB-PD simulations successfully replicate both the macroscopic fracture patterns and mesoscopic damage progression, as quantified through damage field analysis. Compared with Bond-Based Peridynamic (BB-PD), the NOSB-PD model demonstrates superior agreement with experimental load-displacement curves and captures more nonlinear features of the fracture process. Moreover, the NOSB-PD framework provides direct access to full-field mechanical responses (stress/strain/displacement) throughout all damage stages, enabling time-space analysis of their complex distribution patterns.