Coping with Breast Cancer in Ghana: A Qualitative Study of Women’s Lived Experiences Following Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Objective Breast cancer remains a global concern as the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. In Sub-Saharan Africa, although breast cancer accounts for the highest burden of mortality in women, there is little documentation on the experience of having breast cancer. This article explores the lived experiences of a group of Ghanaian women diagnosed with breast cancer. Materials And Methods The findings presented here, are drawn from a broader mixed-methods study on breast cancer and fertility preservation. Women receiving treatment between November 2023 and January 2024 at two study sites – Korle Bu Teaching Hospital and the National Radiotherapy, Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Center in Ghana were purposively sampled for recruitment. A total of 300 women were conveniently sampled to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Out of this number, 15 willingly agreed to participate in a semi-structured interview to explore their experiences of living with breast cancer. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for key themes and patterns. Results The diagnosis of breast cancer marked a pivotal point in the lives of these women, characterized by acute focus on survival. This diagnosis seemed to precipitate a cascade of psychological responses, including catastrophic thinking and an overwhelming preoccupation with mortality, anxiety and sadness. The ramifications of cancer treatment further compounded the experience of emotional and physical toll, manifesting in a myriad of challenges such as fertility complications, impaired daily activities, and diminished social, occupational, and educational functioning. Despite this life-changing circumstance, some participants demonstrated a subsequent healthy adaptation as they navigated the recovery journey using coping skills largely influenced by the tenets of religion, trusted social ties and medical expertise. Conclusion The women’s narratives highlight a journey of recovery characterized by initial grief reactions, subsequent acceptance, adaptation, and the hope of recovery. Religious beliefs and social connections played vital roles in the recovery process, underscoring the need to incorporate these into existing service delivery care models. Impact Statement: By amplifying the voices and experiences of women living with breast cancer, we can culturally inform routine services and targeted strategies to enhance support, education, and resources for individuals and communities affected by breast cancer in Ghana.