Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Indonesian Perceived Stress Scale-10 (IPPS-10) in Adolescents at Risk of Obesity

Background Adolescents at risk of obesity often experience elevated stress that contributes to unhealthy behaviors and poor health outcomes. Despite the urgent need, no culturally validated tool exists to assess stress in this vulnerable group in Indonesia. This study represents the first effort to adapt and validate the Perceived Stress Scale-10 for Indonesian adolescents (IPSS-10). Objectives This study aimed to adapt and validate a stress scale for Indonesian adolescents at risk of obesity, marking the first validation effort in this specific subgroup. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 296 adolescents (mean age = 16.2 years; 60% female) identified as at risk of obesity. The adaptation process included forward–back translation, expert review, and pilot testing. Construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability with Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and convergent validity with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Results The two-factor structure (perceived helplessness and self-efficacy) showed excellent fit (CFI > 0.95) and strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s α > 0.80). Test–retest reliability was acceptable, and convergent validity was supported by moderate correlations with PedsQL. Conclusion The IPSS-10 demonstrated strong validity and reliability, making it the first culturally adapted tool to measure stress in Indonesian adolescents at risk of obesity. Its use can enable schools and health workers to identify stress early and implement targeted mental health interventions. Broader validation across diverse populations is recommended.