Is there an association of Proximal Femur fractures in the elders and low levels of vitamin D, calcium, magnesium s and osteoporosis?

Background Femur fractures associated with osteoporosis have increased in incidence, particularly among women over 50 years old. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone metabolism, along with calcium, magnesium, and parathyroid hormone. Purpose This study aims to assess serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and the presence of osteoporosis in elderly patients with proximal femur fractures. Methods A prospective study was conducted on patients with proximal femur fractures between January 2023 and February 2024 at hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Demographic data, history of previous fractures, and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium were collected. Osteoporosis was assessed using the Singh index. Results The sample consisted of 85 participants, with 53 females and 32 males. The analysis revealed a significant prevalence of osteoporosis (65%) and vitamin D levels below healthy thresholds in more than half of the patients (< 20 ng/mL). No significant differences were found in calcium and magnesium levels between groups with and without osteoporosis. Most fractures were caused by low-energy trauma, primarily falls. Conclusions Elderly patients with proximal femur fractures show a high incidence of hypovitaminosis D and osteoporosis. No direct relationship was observed between osteoporosis and levels of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium. Patients who fell from a height had significantly lower serum calcium levels compared to other trauma mechanisms.