Integrated Ecosystems model and Adaptive Management Strategies for Typical Wetland Ecosystem System, a case study of Baihetan Wetland Park

Amid escalating concerns about water pollution, it is imperative to enhance the management and control of water quality to protect existing water resources and achieve sustainable utilization of water resources and societal development. This study focuses on the ecological environment system of Baihetan Wetland Park in Chengdu, China, establishing an ecological health assessment system (A) for the park's ecosystem. Utilizing the "Driving-Force-Pressure-State-Response" model, the research constructs an evaluation indicator system with a three-tier structure, comprising six criterion layers (B1-B6)—ecosystem biological feature, hydrological feature, water environmental feature, socio-economic factors, resource and environmental pressures, and social response feature—with 21 indicators (x1-x21) selected for assessment. The study delineates the health levels of each indicator layer from 2018 to 2021 and employs the Simulated Annealing-Projection Pursuit (SA-PP) coupled evaluation model to process and analyze high-dimensional data, assessing 21 indicators from 2018 to 2021 for Baihetan Wetland Park and obtaining corresponding evaluation results. Findings indicate that the ecological environment system of Baihetan Wetland Park generally maintained a relatively healthy state from 2018 to 2021. Based on the optimal projection direction vector a, the weights of each criterion layer were calculated, revealing that the ecosystem biological feature indicators had the most significant impact, followed by resource and environmental pressure indicators, water environmental feature indicators, hydrological feature indicators, social response feature indicators, with socio-economic indicators having the least impact on the overall assessment. The study demonstrates that the established health assessment system for Baihetan Wetland Park's ecosystem is practical and feasible, providing a scientific basis for regional water environmental planning and integrated management.