Influence of different substrates on the production and nutritional composition of Tenebrio molitor larvae

To address one of the challenges facing the poultry sector, novel feed ingredients such as insect larvae particularly Tenebrio molitor are emerging as viable alternatives to traditional protein sources. This research investigated which substrate (wheat bran, corn bran, and their combination) best supports the production of Tenebrio molitor larvae. During the egg-laying and survival phases, 2 g of each substrate and a 1:1 mixture (1 g of each) was used. The effects of these substrates on the lifespan and oviposition of female Tenebrio molitor , as well as the growth and average weight of the larvae, were evaluated under ambient conditions (temperature: 37°C; relative humidity: 60%). The results showed that wheat bran yielded significantly higher survival (28.8 ± 0.58 individuals) and oviposition rates (150 ± 1.5 eggs per female) compared to other substrates. Developmental parameters including pupation, pre-pupation, one-month survival, and adult emergence were also superior in wheat bran, with adult emergence reaching 96.4%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that wheat bran is the most effective substrate for promoting female survival and oviposition in Tenebrio molitor . Additionally, the combined use of wheat and corn bran contributes positively to larval development, suggesting its potential as a balanced substrate for mealworm production.