Maritime Cyber Security Transformation Impacting Supply Web and Logistics

The maritime ecospace is an integral component to the global supply web and logistics. It is rapidly digitizing to optimize operations and efficiency; however, this transformation exposes the sector to escalating cybersecurity threats, disrupting supply chains, inflating essential commodities prices, and imposing multibillion-dollar economic damages. This paper presents a critical, comprehensive analysis based on a systematic literature review of over 380 peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scopus, mapping technological, operational, human, and regulatory challenges. It refines the maritime industry concept within global supply chains under growing cyber risks. The paper advocates a multidisciplinary approach encompassing emerging AI-driven threat detection, blockchain-enabled transparency, autonomous ship security, workforce training, and international regulatory harmonization. Strategic milestones from 2030 to 2050 are forecasted, outlining a pathway toward resilient maritime cyberspace ecosystems crucial for global trade safety and sustainable solutions.