Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Thoracic Spinal Epidural Hematoma: A Case Report with Literature Review

Background and Objective: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) was first documented by Jackson in 1869, with an estimated incidence of 0.1 per 100,000 individuals. This condition progresses rapidly and may result in permanent neurological impairment. This study aims to investigate the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic management of SSEH. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a patient diagnosed with SSEH and treated in the Department of Spinal Orthopedics at our hospital. Epidemiological data, clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging presentations, and treatment modalities were recorded. Therapeutic efficacy and prognostic outcomes were evaluated. Results: One week postoperatively, the patient exhibited significant improvement in lower extremity weakness and numbness. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and intervention are critical in the management of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma to prevent delays in optimal treatment timing.