A Macao Case Study in Architectural Heritage Conservation: The Application of a Lightweight Integrated Method with 3D Laser Scanning and Non-Destructive Diagnosis

This study focuses on the Temple of Kuan Tai and Tin Hau in Taipa, Macau, employing a lightweight integrated approach that combines portable 3D laser scanning and non-destructive testing technologies to achieve high-precision digital documentation and pathological diagnosis of architectural heritage. Through multi-station scanning and point cloud registration, millimeter-level overall accuracy was attained, enabling semantic segmentation and digital archiving of the architectural point cloud. Multi-source data analysis revealed that incense-induced pollutants, under high-humidity conditions, trigger sulfate-based corrosion as the primary mechanism of material deterioration. The integrated methodology, with a total equipment weight of approximately 4 kg, is operationally efficient and minimally invasive, significantly enhancing on-site workflow. This approach provides a reliable scientific basis and technical support for the preventive conservation and digital management of architectural heritage in high-density urban environments.