Long-Term Outcomes and Complications of Full-Arch Implant-Supported Fixed Prostheses: A 4–10 Year Retrospective Study

Background Edentulism has significant functional and psychosocial consequences, and implant-supported full-arch fixed prostheses have become one of the most reliable rehabilitation options. Although these prostheses demonstrate high survival rates, long-term evidence on complication patterns and patient-related risk factors such as bruxism, periodontal disease, and systemic conditions remains limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the long-term clinical outcomes and complications of full-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses over a 4–10-year period. Methods Between 2015 and 2020, 24 patients (13 males, 11 females; aged 39–77) with complete or single-arch edentulism received full-arch implant-supported FDPs. A total of 180 implants were placed in 34 arches, with 24 inserted at an angle in posterior regions. Eighteen arches were restored with cement-retained prostheses, while 16 received screw-retained prostheses. Prostheses were evaluated both clinically and radiographically at follow-up visits. Prosthetic maintenance was assessed by documenting repairs or replacements. Results After a mean follow-up of 5.5 years, radiographic bone levels around 179 implants remained within survival limits. Major complications included two screw fractures, one implant failure, one abutment fracture, and three prosthetic fractures. Chipping was the most common complication and was statistically higher in bruxers (p = 0.049). Minor complications in the mandible were also significantly more frequent in bruxers (p = 0.015). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, full-arch implant-supported prostheses demonstrated favorable long-term survival and represent a functional and esthetic alternative to removable prostheses in edentulous patients. However, patient-related risk factors such as bruxism should be carefully evaluated to minimize complications and improve long-term outcomes. Clinical trial number: Not applicable