Impact and Analysis of Different Charging Methods on Battery Lifespan A Charging Control Program (C Language) to Reduce Battery Degradation

This paper investigates the impact of different charging methods on battery lifespan. Through theoretical analysis and mathematical derivation, a power function-based battery capacity degradation model K(I) = PI ^C is established, and the performance differences between constant-current charging (CC) and linear tapered-current charging (TC) strategies under different exponent C values are compared. The study finds that when C > 1, constant-current charging results in smaller capacity loss; when 0 < C < 1, tapered-current charging is more advantageous; and when C = 1, the two strategies are equivalent. A piecewise charging strategy is further proposed, dynamically selecting charging modes based on the fitting exponent C _i of current intervals. An Arduino-based piecewise charging control program is designed to regulate current via PWM signals, optimizing battery degradation under constant average current. Experimental results show that reasonable selection of the charging slope can effectively reduce the battery degradation rate and improve charging efficiency.