Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention Bundle in Adult Cardiac Care Unit- A cross-sectional study

Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most serious acquired infection in intensive care units for patients undergoing mechanical ventilation following urinary tract infections. The mortality associated with VAP ranges from 20% to 50%, and the attributable mortality is estimated at 13%. And the knowledge of nurses working in critical areas regarding the VAP prevention bundle is not well established. This study determined the knowledge level of the VAP bundle among nurses working in cardiac critical areas. Methods A cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach was used. A convenient sampling method was used in selecting study participants and was conducted in the adult cardiac intensive care unit and the Cardiac care unit. Participation was voluntary, and a sample of 67 nurses was selected. A structured questionnaire was used in data collection, and SPSS version 21 was used in data analysis. The data was collected in the first week of September 2025. Results Regarding the sociodemographic characteristics of the study participants, most of the study participants were aged below 24 years (58.2%), and the mean age of 25.2687. The majority of the participants were working in ACICU (85.1%). The Overall knowledge level, about 80.6% of the studied subjects had a satisfactory knowledge level (61–100% score). Computed multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, the result showed a significant relationship between the workplace, not attending the VAP or IPC training and frequency of ventilator circuit change were statistically significant with nurses’ VAP knowledge level with OR: 0.032 (C.I:0.01–0.200), p value 0.000; OR: 0.040(C.I:0-0.33), p value 0.003, and OR: 0.043 (C.I:0.000-0.660), P value 0.024 respectively Conclusion The overall nurses’ knowledge level towards VAP was satisfactory, especially for those working in ACICU. And the factors associated with nurses’ VAP knowledge level, workplace, having attended or not VAP/IPC training, and changing ventilator circuit frequency were statistically significant.