SII as a potential biomarker for distinguishing between Necrotisingenterocolitis and Food protein-inducedenterocolitis syndrome with abdominal gas signs

Background The initial clinical manifestations and abdominal imaging manifestations of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and food protein enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) are sometimes similar; However, their prognosis and treatment are different. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) as a differentiating marker between NEC and (HSEO)-FPIES. Method All the samples used in this study were from the Neonatal Diagnosis Center of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University. The NEC group (n = 49), the(HSEO)-FPIES group (n = 36), and the jaundice group (n = 27) were included. The ability of SII to distinguish NEC from(HSEO)-FPIES was analyzed using the ROC curve Result The SII level in the NEC group was higher than that in the(HSEO)-FPIES group (p = 0.005). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of SII for differentiating NEC from(HSEO)-FPIES was 0.830, which was higher than that of IL-6 (0.702), C-reactive protein (0.746), and white blood cell count (0.665). Conclusion Compared with traditional single inflammatory markers, SII has better integration, dynamic monitoring potential and clinical accessibility, and is expected to become a new biomarker for assisting in the differentiation of these two diseases.