Determinants of the Green Growth Index in Countries Around the World by Bayesian Belief Network Model

Rising temperatures, increasing severity of natural disasters, and their simultaneous impacts on livelihoods have made green growth an essential priority. To assess the influence of factors on green growth of countries globally and to provide optimal scenarios for developed, developing countries and economies in transition in their efforts to promote sustainable economic growth, we employed Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) model to analyze data from 95 countries for period 2019–2021. Our research demonstrates that Country Classification, Global Innovation, Human Development Index, Forest Area, Education Expenditure, Trade Openness, and Worldwide Governance factors positively influence the green growth index of countries. Population Growth and Natural Resource Use negatively impact Green Growth. Moreover, it is clear from the results that countries at different levels of development will need tailored approaches to achieve their green growth goals. The authors have proposed tailored solutions for each scenario involving various groups of countries.