Religious Orientation, Neurocognitive Functioning, and Posttraumatic Growth in Ukrainian Adults in the Post-Pandemic Era

Background: Religious orientation, defined as intrinsic (faith as an ultimate value) versus extrinsic (faith as a means to external goals), has been associated with differences in coping and personal growth after trauma. Cognitive systems involved in executive control, self-referential reflection, and evaluation of salient experiences are central to adaptive adjustment. Objective: This study investigated whether intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations predict posttraumatic growth (PTG) in Ukrainian adults, and whether the capacity for executive control, reflective thought, and flexible attention moderates these associations. Methods: A sample of 248 Ukrainian adults completed measures of religious orientation, PTG, and validated psychometric assessments of executive control, self-reflective/episodic processing, and salience detection with attentional switching. Correlation and regression analyses examined direct and interaction effects. Results: Intrinsic religiosity positively predicted PTG, whereas extrinsic religiosity showed no effect. Stronger intrinsic faith was linked to lower baseline scores in executive and reflective domains. Importantly, individuals with high intrinsic religiosity displayed especially strong PTG when executive control capacity was high. Conclusions: Internal faith fosters resilience and growth after trauma, and this effect is amplified when individuals possess strong cognitive control and reflective abilities. These findings suggest that the integration of spiritual commitment and cognitive resources supports positive adaptation in populations exposed to adversity.