Computational Identification and Analysis of miRNAs Targeting TP53 and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma

Lung cancer, particularly squamous cell lung carcinoma (SQCLC), remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic strategies, the prognosis for SQCLC remains poor, largely due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression, influencing various cellular processes such as tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. This study investigates the role of miRNAs targeting key tumor suppressor genes, including TP53, PTEN, RECK, and TP53INP1, in the molecular pathogenesis of SQCLC. Through an in silico approach, a comprehensive screening of miRNA databases and literature was performed to identify miRNAs that regulate these tumor suppressor genes. The findings highlight miR-150-5p as a promising post-transcriptional regulator of TP53, showing strong binding affinities and interaction stability with the TP53 3′UTR. Functional enrichment analysis reveals that the miR-150-5p target network is enriched in pathways related to DNA damage response and tumor suppression. Additionally, molecular docking simulations further validate the high binding affinity of miR-150-5p to TP53 and associated targets, suggesting its central role in SQCLC progression. The study also explores the potential of antagomir-based therapies to counteract the oncogenic effects of miR-150-5p, restoring TP53 expression and offering a novel approach for therapeutic intervention in lung cancer. Our results underscore the therapeutic potential of miRNA-based strategies in SQCLC treatment and provide a foundation for future studies aimed at targeting miRNA-mediated regulation in cancer therapy.