Psychosocial Profiles of Family Caregivers for Colorectal Cancer Patients with Permanent Ostomies: A Latent Class Analysis of Resilience, Depression, and Self-Efficacy

Purpose To identify latent psychosocial profiles among colorectal cancer caregivers based on resilience, depression, and caregiving efficacy, and to examine the sociodemographic predictors and outcome differences associated with each subgroup. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 579 family caregivers in China. Standardized instruments assessed resilience, depression, caregiving self-efficacy, and perceived family support. Latent class analysis was used to identify caregiver profiles. Multinomial logistic regression examined sociodemographic predictors. Differences in psychological outcomes were compared across classes using Kruskal–Wallis tests with Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc analysis. Results Four distinct caregiver profiles emerged, characterized respectively by (1) low resilience with high burden, (2) high perceived support but low internal resources, (3) high resilience and self-efficacy with low distress, and (4) enduring caregiving with moderate emotional strain. Education, income, employment status, and caregiving relationship were significant predictors of class membership. Psychological outcomes—including depression, efficacy, resilience, and family support—varied significantly across profiles (all p < 0.001). Conclusions Caregivers differ widely in coping patterns and risk levels. Psychosocial profiling offers a more person-centered understanding of caregiver needs than traditional unidimensional assessments. Targeted support based on profile-specific risks may improve caregiver outcomes and optimize oncology nursing care.