The Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Hypertension in Diabetic Individuals Aged 45 and Above: Evidence from Two National Databases

Background This study utilizes data from two principal sources: the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in the United States from 1999 to 2020 and the China Health And Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011. This study is to examine the correlation between cardiometabolic index and hypertension in diabetic patients aged 45 and older. Comprehending the impact of cardiometabolic index on hypertension in diabetic individuals is crucial for the prevention and management of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly populations. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed on individuals aged 45 and older with diabetes utilizing the NHANES (1999–2020) and CHARLS (2011) datasets. The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) was calculated using the waist-to-height ratio and the triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol ratio. Multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the link between CMI on the likelihood of hypertension in diabetic patients., while adjusting for clinical factors. Subgroup analyses, curve fitting, and threshold effect investigations were performed. Results An correlation was discovered in both databases between CMI and the prevalence of hypertension in adults aged 45 and older with diabetes. In CHARLS,The modified logistics regression analysis indicated a beneficial relationship between increased LnCMI and the occurrence of hypertension.(OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.65–2.12), with a threshold value of LnCMI set at 1.11. The examination of the NHANES database using an adjusted logistic regression model revealed a positive association between elevated LnCMI and the prevalence of hypertension in diabetic patients. Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.78, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.63–1.94, with a LnCMI threshold of -0.73. Subgroup study revealed that education significantly influenced the relationship between CMI and hypertension in diabetic patients. Conclusions These findings underscore the effectiveness of CMI in evaluating hypertension risk among middle-aged and elderly diabetic populations in China and the United States, with particular significance noted in the Chinese demographic.