Habitat Specialization and Genetic Structure of Trichoptera in Northern German Peatlands Under Anthropogenic Pressure

Peatlands are critical ecosystems that regulate carbon, water, and biodiversity. However, extensive degradation of these habitats, particularly in northern Germany, has led to significant biodiversity loss, especially among specialized species. This study investigates the impact of peatland degradation on Trichoptera species in northern Germany, focusing on species' genetic differentiation and population structure in relation to habitat alteration. We compare sites across a gradient of peatland condition, from intact raised bogs to degraded, urbanized areas, to examine how changes in habitat quality affect Trichoptera communities. Using double-digest RAD sequencing (ddRADseq), we analyze the genetic structure of three Trichoptera species representing different habitat guilds: Limnephilus flavicornis (generalist), Glyphotaelius pellucidus (moderate habitat specificity), and Limnephilus elegans (raised bog specialist). Our results indicate subtle genetic differentiation influenced by non-spatial factors rather than a geographic pattern. These findings underscore the complex relationship between ecological specialization, habitat fragmentation, and genetic structure in peatland species.