Artificial intelligence in Global South smart cities addressing governance inequality and ethical challenges

Objective This research explores the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in smart city projects within the Global South, focusing on issues of governance, inequality, and ethical concerns. Approach: A qualitative research methodology was utilized, integrating a review of existing literature and primary data gathered from semi-structured interviews with 12 specialists in Oman and the UAE. Findings: The results underscore AI's ability to enhance urban systems while also revealing issues such as data colonialism, infrastructure challenges, and ethical questions surrounding algorithmic governance. Implication: In the absence of ethical safeguards and inclusive governance, the deployment of AI could worsen inequalities in the Global South. The study advocates for the establishment of ethical frameworks, enhancement of local capacities, and active community involvement to ensure sustainable AI implementation.