Mobile Finance and Rural Inclusion: Evidence from GCash Use in Philippine Villages

Digital financial services have bridged the gap between rural and urban financial services in developing countries. In the Philippines, mobile wallet apps like GCash are not just advancing financial inclusion in rural areas, but also leveling the playing field by providing services that were previously only available in urban centers. This study, employing a descriptive research design, surveyed a random sample of rural residents to assess connectivity through GCash. The findings reveal that age is the only demographic factor with a statistically significant impact on access, usage, and perceived benefits—young users show higher engagement and greater perceived value. Gender, education, and income had no notable influence. While GCash has improved digital financial inclusion, challenges persist due to digital inequality, inadequate infrastructure, and limited awareness among the population. Efforts to promote digital literacy, improve access to smartphones and internet connectivity, simplify app design, and enhance user security are crucial to expanding its impact. Addressing these barriers is essential to ensuring that all segments of the rural population can fully benefit from mobile financial services.