Walrus Optimization (WO) tuned ANN-PID controller for Load Frequency control in Microgrids

A new Walrus Optimization (WO) technique has been designed for frequency regulation in an interconnected two area power systems. Preserving a consistent frequency is vital for power quality, making the load frequency control a key operational requirement. The conceptual optimisation algorithm said above draws inspiration from the natural behaviours of walruses in Arctic and sub-Arctic regions Which includes their foraging strategies, movement patterns, and social interactions—by optimising the settings of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. This proposed method demonstrates superior performance and robustness compared to recently developed WO-tuned PID controllers which enhance the stability in power system and quality when subjected to a step load disturbance, random step load changes, nonlinear behaviour, and variations in system parameters. The WO-tuned PID controller offers enhanced reliability and quicker convergence in regulating frequency and voltage, while also aiding in the stabilization of tie-line power, outperforming recent methods. Different metaheuristic optimisation algorithms, like Particle Swarm Optimization and genetic Algorithm utilize nature-inspired processes as effective optimization tools. MATLAB-based simulations reveal that the WO-tuned PID controller achieves a notably faster settling time, resulting in an approximate 25% improvement in frequency regulation. Furthermore, the system modelling and validation with MATLAB under both step and random step load disturbances affirm the effectiveness and dependability of the WO-tuned PID controller which enhance the quality and stability in power system.