An Observational Study on the Behavioral Impact of Maternal Breast Cancer on Children in India at a City-Based Corporate Hospital

Background: This study explores behavioral problems in children and their understanding of the illness in the context of maternal breast cancer. Methods: An observational and descriptive study was conducted among 39 women aged 24 to 55 years with a history of non-metastatic breast cancer, each having at least one child aged 6–17 years. Participants were recruited from the oncology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. Children's behavioral problems were reported by the mothers using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Maternal psychological status was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire-BR23 (QLQ-BR23). Results: Among the children, 59.26% were aware of their mother's diagnosis, and 51.28% parents or extended family members had explained their treatment. Compared to younger children (6–12 years), adolescents (13–17 years) demonstrated significantly higher levels of behavioral issues as per maternal reporting (mean CBCL score: 13.98 ± 8.03 vs. 27.06 ± 10.22). Mothers reported a gradual decline in academic performance as the most noticeable negative outcome across all age groups. Maternal depression and reduced quality of life were significantly associated with higher CBCL scores in children (p < 0.005). Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest that children's behavioral responses—such as increased anxiety, attention difficulties, and agitation—are notably affected when mothers disclose and discuss their breast cancer diagnosis. Interventions targeting maternal depression and improving quality of life may positively influence children's behavioral outcomes and enhance overall family well-being.