Perceptions of Healthcare Students about Operation Theatre as Clinical Learning Environment and Related Factors Affecting Learning Outcomes: A Cross-sectional Study among Health Care Students in Saudi Arabia

Background The operating theatre is a complex educational environment for healthcare students. It can significantly influence the clinical competencies and educational outcomes of the learners. Understanding student perceptions of this environment is crucial for enhancing learning strategies. Objective: This study examines healthcare students' perceptions of the operating theatre as a clinical learning environment and identifies factors that affect their learning outcomes in Saudi Arabia. Methods The study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional method and conducted data collection from April to May 2025. By utilizing a questionnaire administered to 250 healthcare students from various disciplines, including anesthesia technology, nursing, and others. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 28, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results The sample consisted of 250 participants, predominantly male (78.8%), with 68% in their fourth year of study. A remarkable 99.2% of students reported that instructors were enthusiastic, but only 36.4% received constructive feedback. While 50% agreed that there were sufficient theatre sessions for experience, only 34.8% felt they were integrated into the team. In addition, 38.8% felt they received adequate supervision, while 44.8% expressed concern about being too busy with other tasks. Significant correlations were identified for educational opportunities, ambiance, and oversight based on specialty. Conclusion: The study's findings indicate a generally positive perception of the operating theatre as a learning environment, but also highlight the need for improvements in feedback mechanisms and team integration. Enhancing this educational atmosphere is essential for fostering student engagement and improving clinical competencies. Further research is needed to address these gaps.