Application of dietary management based on behavioral integration theory in CHD and DM patients taking mulberry alkaloids

Background: Total alkaloids of Mulberry branch, as China's first traditional Chinese patent medicine for diabetes mellitus (DM), act via a pharmacological mechanism similar to acarbose, with few adverse reactions, controllable quality, and significant hypoglycemic effects. However, the cardiovascular risk of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with DM who receive total alkaloids of Mulberry branch remains to be studied. Aim: To explore the effect of dietary intervention based on the behavioral integration theory model on the cardiovascular risk of patients with CHD and DM taking total bioactive alkaloids from mulberry branches. Methods: In total, 104 patients with CHD and DM taking total bioactive alkaloids from mulberry branches in our hospital from October 2022 to April 2024 were selected as research subjects. They were randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 52) and the control group (n = 52) based on the random number table method. The control group underwent routine intervention, while the experimental group underwent dietary management intervention based on the behavioral integration theory model, on the basis of the control group. After 6 months, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides, residual cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, 1-hour postprandial blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and time in range of blood glucose were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared to before the intervention, the weight, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, 1-hour postprandial blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and time in range of blood glucose of the two groups after the intervention were significantly different ( P < 0.01). Compared to the control group, weight, body mass index, triglycerides, and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose of patients significantly decreased in the experimental group, and the time in range of blood glucose significantly increased ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dietary management based on the behavioral integration theory model can improve body shape and decrease triglycerides and blood glucose levels of patients with CHD and DM taking total bioactive alkaloids from mulberry branches, and lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases.