Transition Metal Chloride Catalyzed the Synthesis of Dipropyl Carbonate from Urea Alcoholysis: Influence of Initial Decomposition Temperature of Ammine Transition Metal Chloride
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Herein, dipropyl carbonate was synthesized using a series of transition metal chloride (TMC) as catalysts. The catalytic activity of different TMCs was compared and the optimal catalytic conditions were systematically investigated. The catalytic activity order is CoCl 2 > ZnCl 2 > MnCl 2 > CdCl 2 > NiCl 2 . Thermal decomposition behavior of ammine TMC complexes revealed that Co(NH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 exhibited the lowest decomposition temperature, whereas Ni(NH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 showed the highest; these decomposition temperatures were negatively correlated with the catalytic activities of the respective ammine TMC complexes. Notably, although the catalytic activity of ammine TMC complexes lower than their parent TMCs but with consistent activity order with the parent salts. These findings highlight the crucial role of the catalyst’s ammonia-binding and -release capacity in DPC synthesis. The weaker the metal-ammonia interaction (evidenced by lower decomposition temperatures), the higher the catalytic activity, presumably due to more facile ammonia desorption, which facilitates active site regeneration and urea activation.
