Ultrasound-guided Hydrorelease/Hydrodissection Reduces Gliding Resistance in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Adhesion Model

Introduction Peripheral nerve entrapment is common in clinical practice. While surgery and medication are standard treatments, ultrasound-guided nerve hydrodissection (HD)—often referred to as "hydrorelease" (HR) in Asia—is gaining attention. This technique involves injecting saline or similar solutions to separate nerves from surrounding tissue, alleviating adhesions and improving symptoms. Despite its widespread use, its mechanisms and effectiveness require further clarification. Methods A rat sciatic nerve adhesion model was developed to assess the effects of HD/HR. Mild perineural adhesions were surgically induced, followed by ultrasound-guided HD/HR. Outcomes measured included tensile strength, gliding resistance, and nerve conduction velocity. Results HD/HR significantly reduced tensile strength and gliding resistance, indicating improved nerve mobility. Nerve conduction velocity remained unaffected, suggesting functional preservation after treatment. Discussion The results support HD/HR as a minimally invasive technique to improve nerve gliding in the presence of adhesions. It may offer clinical benefit in treating mild neuropathic conditions without compromising nerve function. However, further studies are needed to validate long-term outcomes and refine treatment protocols. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided HD/HR reduces gliding resistance and maintains nerve function in adhesion models. This suggests it may be an effective option for managing peripheral nerve entrapment. Future research should focus on optimizing the procedure and assessing clinical efficacy.