Bronchus and lung cancer-related mortality trends in the United States from 1999 to 2023

Background Bronchus and lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly types of cancer in United States. This study analyzed the mortality trends related to bronchus and lung cancer among U.S. adults ≥ 25 years old from 1999 to 2023 from demographic and geographic perspectives. Methods We utilized the CDC WONDER database to investigate the trends in Bronchus and lung cancer-related mortality in the United States. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 people (AAMR), annual percentage change (APC), and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and the data were stratified by year, age groups, sex, race/ethnicity, census region, urban-rural and states classification. The Joinpoint Regression Program was utilized to estimate mortality trends between 1999 and 2023. Results From 1999 to 2023, there was a significant decline in AAMRs for bronchus and lung cancer across the United States. The crude mortality rate (CMR) for bronchus and lung cancer demonstrates a significant decline across most age groups males had higher AAMRs than females, with persistent disparities highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Non-Hispanic Black individuals had the highest AAMRs, while Hispanic or Latino individuals had the lowest. Geographic disparities were evident, with the West region having the lowest mortality rates compared to the South and Midwest regions; nonmetropolitan had higher mortality rates than metropolitan. Compared to 1999, AAMRs decreased in all U.S. states in 2023, with the most significant declines observed in the District of Columbia, Nevada, and California. The slight increase in AAMRs from 2020 to 2023 may be linked to the COVID-19 pandemic, further emphasizing the importance of ongoing surveillance and adaptive public health measures. Conclusion It is crucial to assess potential health disparities among different regions and population groups. There is an urgent need for further research and the implementation of targeted public health interventions, as well as improvements in resource allocation and health outcomes among populations.