International Students’ Perspectives on Mental Health and Help-Seeking Behaviours at Nantong University, China: An Exploratory Qualitative Study

Background Global mental health concerns are rising, especially among international students facing cultural adjustment, academic pressures, and isolation. Despite increased awareness, stigma and lack of knowledge continue to limit help-seeking behaviours. This study explored international students' perceptions of mental health and their help-seeking behaviours at Nantong University, China. Methods This qualitative study employed purposive sampling to recruit 20 international students from Nantong University. Data were collected in January 2025 through in-depth, semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke) was used to identify key patterns in participants' mental health perceptions and help-seeking experiences. Ethical protocols were strictly followed, including informed consent and confidentiality safeguards. Results Following thematic analysis, five main themes and 16 subthemes emerged, covering mental health literacy, challenges faced, coping strategies, barriers to seeking professional help, and recommendations for improving support. Key findings revealed diverse understandings of mental health, significant stressors like isolation and academic pressure, reliance on peer support, and barriers such as stigma, privacy concerns, and lack of awareness. Recommendations included ensuring confidentiality, enhancing cultural competence, and increasing accessibility to mental health services. Conclusion International students face significant mental health challenges, often relying on informal support due to barriers in accessing professional help. To address this, universities should provide more confidential, culturally sensitive, and accessible mental health services, alongside initiatives aimed at reducing stigma to encourage help-seeking behaviour.