Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Lymphoid Blast Crisis Post-Complete Remission Transforming to Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
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We retrospectively analyzed a case of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) developing after complete remission of chronic myeloid leukemia in lymphoid blast crisis (CML-LBC), admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in March 2020. A 48-year-old female was initially diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (P210-positive) at a local hospital in 2018 and received dasatinib targeted therapy. In March 2020, she was admitted to our institution with transformed lymphoid blast crisis. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous F317L mutation in the ABL1 kinase domain of the BCR/ABL fusion gene, prompting a switch to nilotinib targeted therapy. In February 2024, bone marrow morphology showed 15% myeloid blasts. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation integrating morphological assessment, immunophenotyping, and molecular genetics confirmed the diagnosis: transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia to therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia.
