Usefulness of Discriminant Analysis to Identify Metastatic status using clinical data in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

The main aim of our study was to assess the associations of clinical profiles and with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC). A univariate analysis and discriminant study were performed on the clinical data retrieved from The Cancer Image Archive with two categories of the presence or absence of distant metastases of patients with ccRCC. Patients with ccRCC with distant metastases demonstrated larger tumors(without missing data), higher serum calcium level (with missing data), and higher two-tiered Fuhrman nuclear grade(without missing data) than those without distant metastases. A literature review found that Paner chromophobe tumor grading system and WHO/ISUP grading system were validated for prediction of outcomes of chromophobe RCC and papillary RCC, respectively. Occupational exposure to asbestos, petroleum byproducts and cadmium are linked with renal cell carcinoma. The dichotomous higher Fuhrman nuclear grades and larger Tumor size are statistically significant to distinguish the metastatic or non-metastatic groups of ccRCC by univariate and discriminant analysis.