Effect of an ICOPE-Based Personalized Care Plan on Intrinsic Capacity and Wellbeing Among Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) approach to assess Intrinsic Capacity (IC) across six domains: cognition, psychological capacity, vitality, mobility, vision, and hearing. This study evaluated the impact of an ICOPE-based personalized care plan over six months on IC and quality of life, measured using the WHO-5 Wellbeing Index. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted among 135 individuals aged ≥60 years in a tertiary care setting. At baseline, IC was assessed using the ICOPE framework, and personalized care plans were developed to address IC deficits. Participants were reassessed after six months. Primary and secondary outcomes included changes in WHO-5 Wellbeing Index scores and the number of impaired IC domains, respectively. Results Of the 135 participants (mean age: 69 ± 5 years, 57% males), 107 (78%) completed follow-up. At baseline, 89% had at least one impaired IC domain, with vision (63%) and psychological capacity (44%) being the most affected. Over six months, the mean number of impaired IC domains decreased from 2.11 ± 0.94 to 1.33 ± 1.13 (p < 0.001), and WHO-5 Wellbeing Index scores improved significantly from 14.65 ± 4.38 to 17.98 ± 3.54 (p < 0.001). Conclusion ICOPE-based personalized care plans significantly improved IC and wellbeing among older adults. These findings highlight the potential of ICOPE interventions in geriatric care, warranting further validation through randomized controlled trials.