IoT-Enabled Smart Irrigation using Embedded Systems & Server-Sent Events
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The optimization of agricultural output and the effective management of water resources are two issues that modern agriculture is confronting, and these issues are being made worse by global climate change. This background has inspired the creation of an intelligent irrigation system that makes use of cutting-edge technologies like HTML, CSS, HTTP, Server-Sent Event (SSE), embedded devices, and the Internet of Things (IoT). In order to achieve effective water management and promote sustainable agriculture in Africa, this study creates a real-time smart irrigation system utilizing embedded technologies and the Internet of Things. By providing real-time monitoring of crop requirements and climatic circumstances, this study aims to improve irrigation management. Reducing excessive water use while increasing crop yields while accounting for economic and environmental concerns is the main issue addressed.An intelligent irrigation system design was created in order to accomplish this, taking advantage of embedded devices' capacity to gather data and transmit real-time updates via SSE. The techniques included combining specialized sensors such the DHT22 to detect temperature and humidity, as well as sensors for soil moisture and water level, with the embedded controller (ESP32). The gathered data was sent to a web server via HTTP and SSE, enabling an HTML/CSS user interface to be updated continuously. With a more precise utilization of water resources based on actual soil and atmospheric conditions, the results demonstrated a notable improvement in irrigation efficiency. This strategy has decreased the dangers of floods and droughts while producing more consistent and predictable crop harvests.The crucial role of this technology in fostering resilient and sustainable agriculture in the face of contemporary environmental issues is emphasized in the conversation. This research opens the door for further advancements in smart farming by improving proactive management of water resources.(Aishwarya,2025)