Fluorescence Localization Imaging via a Spectral-Splitting Perovskite Single-Pixel Detector

Image-guided surgery systems require precise fusion of fluorescence mapping and structural background imaging, yet current dual-camera system methods suffer from field-of-view misalignment and pixel offsets, risking millimeter-scale surgical errors. To address these challenges, we developed an innovative fluorescence/background fusion single-pixel imaging system based on spectral-splitting perovskite photodetectors (PDs). By incorporating gradient-optimized wide-bandgap perovskite filter layers, the perovskite photodetector can achieve spectrally selective detection through efficient separation of 520 nm fluorescence signals ( S ₁ ) from 450 nm backscattered light( S ₂ ). With a high signal suppression ratio ( S ₁ /S ₂ ) of 57 times of the optimized PD, the system achieves a low detection limit of 50 nmol/mL for sodium fluorescein aqueous solution. More importantly, the exceptional active single-pixel imaging architecture ensures perfect field-of-view and pixel-level consistency across multiple detectors’ images, eliminating the need for complex registration algorithms or sophisticated dual-optical path designs. Finally, through in murine tumor experiments, we achieved precise fluorescence-labeled tumor localization imaging, demonstrating the reliability of our developed system in fluorescence/background fusion imaging. This provides a novel fluorescence-targeting approach for medical imaging, demonstrating the innovative utility of single-pixel imaging in advanced diagnostics.