Factors Influencing Children's Preventive Dental Care in South Korea: Application of Andersen's Healthcare Utilization Model

Objectives This study investigates the determinants of preventive dental care utilization among South Korean children by applying Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. We examine the influence of predisposing, enabling, and need factors on oral health service use. Methods We analyzed data from 2,919 children aged 1–11 from the 8th (2019–2021) and 9th (2022) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between individual factors and utilization of preventive dental services. Results Children in higher income households were significantly more likely to receive preventive dental care (OR = 2.03, p < 0.001), while children with private insurance were less likely (OR = 0.42, p < 0.001). Those with poor perceived oral health had higher odds of receiving care (OR = 1.66, p < 0.05). Rural residence and early childhood age were also positively associated with utilization. Conclusion Socioeconomic and perceptual disparities influence children’s preventive dental care use in South Korea. Interventions should target urban areas and families without private insurance and promote routine dental visits regardless of perceived need.