Potential Improvement of Bitumen Properties Using Waste Plastic, Rubber and Natural Rubber: an Eco-Friendly Approch

Bitumen, a vital component in various construction applications, is undergoing innovative enhancements to improve its properties and sustainability. This study explores the potential of incorporating waste plastic, waste rubber, and natural rubber (5%, 7.5%, 10%) into bitumen formulations to enhance its performance characteristics. Waste plastic and rubber materials, which pose significant environmental challenges due to their non-biodegradable nature, are being repurposed as additives in bitumen to address both waste management concerns and improve asphalt properties. Similarly, natural rubber, derived from renewable sources, offers opportunities to enhance bitumen properties while reducing dependency on fossil fuel-derived additives. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and experimental data, this study evaluates the effects of incorporating waste plastic, rubber, and natural rubber on key bitumen properties. The properties of bitumen are measured by specific gravity test, ductility test, softening point test, penetration test, and flash and fire point test. The findings highlight the potential benefits of these additives in improving the performance and sustainability of bitumen-based materials in road construction, pavement rehabilitation, and waterproofing applications. Moreover, the study discusses challenges, including compatibility issues, optimal dosage levels, and long-term performance, and proposes avenues for future research to optimize the utilization of waste plastic, rubber, and natural rubber in bitumen formulations, thereby contributing to the development of eco-friendly and high-performance asphalt materials.