Resilient Quantum Secret Sharing Against Collusion and Eavesdropping: A Measurement-Basis and Hash-Based Approachn

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a fundamental primitive in quantum cryptography, enabling secure distribution of sensitive information among multiple parties. However, existing protocols often suffer from vulnerabilities such as collusion attacks, uneven share distribution, and protocol failure due to random basis selection. In this paper, we propose a novel QSS protocol that integrates hash-based measurement basis derivation with decoy photon-enhanced eavesdropping detection. Our scheme ensures fair and deterministic secret reconstruction while eliminating the need for entangled states or complex quantum operations. We rigorously analyze the protocol's correctness, security against both internal and external adversaries, and efficiency in terms of qubit usage, transmission delay, and computational overhead. Notably, our protocol supports dynamic participant management, allowing agents to join or leave securely without re-executing the entire protocol. Comparative analysis demonstrates that our approach outperforms existing QSS protocols across multiple performance metrics. This work bridges the gap between theoretical robustness and practical deployment, offering a scalable and resilient solution for post-quantum secure communication.