“Central Vascular Access Guard” training programme based on LSPPDM framework on nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practice in central venous access devices maintenance: A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study

Background Education and training on central venous access devices (CVADs) are key components of delivering high-quality nursing, and ensuring patient safety. However, there is a lack of systematic training in related areas currently. Objective To test the effectiveness and feasibility of the "Central Vascular Access Guard" training program in enhancing nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practice in Methods This is a pre and post-test design using mixed methods, following the TREND checklist. This study was conducted from May 2024 to September 2024 in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. Recruit eligible participations through recruitment. Evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CVADs maintenance among the participations before and after the intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants both pre-intervention and post-intervention. Results A total of 80 nurses were recruited, and 6 nurses fell out during the intervention process. Nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practical scores in maintaining CVADs significantly improved before and after intervention. A total of three themes emerged from the pre-intervention qualitative research, namely "acquiring knowledge in a relatively passive manner", "striving for capacity enhancement and confidence building", and "experiencing nervousness and fear during procedures". In the post-intervention qualitative research, three themes were identified as well, specifically "enhanced perception of occupational benefits", "increased intrinsic driving force", and "course arrangement aligned with clinical requirements". Conclusion The “Central Vascular Access Guard” training programme can improve nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practical skills in maintaining CVADs.