Biochemical profile of patients coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in Libreville, Gabon

Background The objective of this study was to determine the biochemical profile of patients co-infected with HIV and HBV received at the Laboratory of the Sino-Gabonese Cooperation Hospital in Libreville. For this, a prospective, descriptive study from August 2023 to November 2023 was carried out at the Medical Analysis Laboratory. The study population consisted of men and women of various nationalities, some being sexually active and others not. The patients' blood was collected in dry tubes and then centrifuged. The serum obtained was used to screen for HBsAg, by immunochromatographic tests, then the biochemical parameters were determined according to standard procedures. The data were analyzed and entered using Epi info software (version 7) and the p-value (p < 0.05). Results A total of 560 HIV-positive patients were detected after immunochromatographic tests. Of the 560 HIV-positive patients, 60 patients were co-infected with HIV/HBV, representing a prevalence of 10.71%. Biochemical parameter analyses of co-infected patients also showed an abnormal increase in ALP, GGT, Bili D, Bili T, CREAT, and Urea (629.16 ± 509.88 IU/L; 70.66 ± 52.66 IU/L; 14.15 ± 13.94 µmol/L; 20.05 ± 21.83 µmol/L; 190.68 ± 144.54 µmol/L; 10.04 ± 10.150 mmol/L), as well as an abnormal decrease in CHOLT (2.81 mmol/L). Transaminases (ALAT and ASAT) and blood sugar levels were normal. Conclusions Overall, it seems evident that HIV/HBV coinfection induces changes in the biochemical profile.