Vastus lateralis flap for groin and pelvic reconstruction: an updated cadaveric analysis to guide surgical decision-making
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Background
The vastus lateralis (VL) has previously been described for reconstruction of defects around the groin and pelvis. A previous study provided detailed cadaveric measurements of the vastus lateralis vascular pedicle but without linking their anatomical data to clinical applications. We aimed toevaluate the anatomical characteristics of the vastus lateralismuscle flap for groin and pelvic reconstruction and to explore how these measurements can inform operative planning.
Methods
Bilateral lower extremity dissections were performed on five fresh cadavers to measure VL muscle dimensions, pedicle length, and relationship to the rectus femoris. Flap reach and vascular anatomy were quantified to assess applicability for complex reconstructions. Representative clinical scenarios are referenced to demonstrate how anatomical data can inform intraoperative decision-making.
Results
The VL muscle extended an average of 4.3 cm beyond the rectus femoris musculotendinous junction and exhibited a mean surface area of 357 cm² with a pedicle length of 9.2 cm. These measurements enabled improved flap selection and inset strategy during pelvic and groin reconstruction, particularly in cases where the rectus femoris flap was insufficient.
Conclusions
This cadaveric study provides quantitative support for the use of the vastus lateralis muscle flap in complex groin and pelvic reconstruction. The anatomical measurements presented here can aid in preoperative planning, particularly in high-risk cases where traditional muscle flaps may not offer adequate reach or volume.
Level of Evidence:
Not gradable.
