Clinical models for predicting the association between dietary oxidative balance score and sarcopenia

Background Previous investigations have suggested a potential link between Dietary Oxidative Balance Score (DOBS) and sarcopenia, but about the clinic prediction models evaluating the risk of sarcopenia are rare. This study highlighted that the clinic prediction models construction would be also a novel tool to help diagnose sarcopenia clinically. Methods According to the data collected between 2011 and 2014 by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the cross-sectional analysis evaluated DOBS, consisted of scores of sixteen dietary factors. Analytical approaches, including multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis, were applied to examine the association between DOBS and sarcopenia. The clinical prediction models were used to predict the risk of sarcopenia. Results Among 10,732 participants, higher DOBS exhibited a closer correlation with sarcopenia (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95–0.98, P  < 0.001). Furthermore, stratification by quartiles revealed that each unit increase in DOBS (range: 16–21) reduced sarcopenia likelihood by 33% (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.52–0.87, P  < 0.05), while values > 21 corresponded to a 41% risk reduction (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.43–0.82, P  < 0.05). Both the training and validation cohorts demonstrated statistically significant results ( P  < 0.05) in Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The predictive performance was consistent across datasets, with the area under the curve values (AUC) values of 0.80 (95% CI 0.79–0.81) for the training set and 0.80 (95% CI 0.78–0.82) for the validation set. Conclusions Diet might influence sarcopenia through modulating oxidative stress mechanisms. Antioxidant diets played a crucial role in reducing the possibility of sarcopenia and this study firstly provided a novel predictive assessment instrument for clinical diagnosis of sarcopenia. Level of Evidence Level IV, crosssectional study.