Breaking the sexual silence of cancer survivors: exploration of sexual distress and health communication paths after cervical cancer surgery based on qualitative interviews

Objective : To better understand the challenges related to sexual function faced by patients with cervical cancer following radical hysterectomy, and to provide evidence-based insights for the development of clinical nursing strategies and health education programs. Methods : A total of 12 cervical cancer patients who attended the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Jiangnan, were selected for participation in semi-structured in-depth interviews. The collected interview data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach, supported by the use of Nvivo 12 software. Results : The study identified five major themes: sexual function injury (encompassing physical dysfunction and female role trauma), which is deeply intertwined with biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors; disrupted intimate relationships (characterized by misaligned needs and the paradox of silent protection); systemic silence (manifested through medical aphasia and social stigma); communication pathways (including personalized medical communication, as well as peer and media-based empowerment); and the recognition of sexual health as a critical social issue. Conclusions: Sexual dysfunction in patients following cervical cancer surgery arises from the combined effects of physiological damage and sociocultural norms. To address the issue of "sexual silence," it is essential to establish a patient-centered, multi-disciplinary health communication system that facilitates the reclassification of sexual health from a "taboo subject" to an essential component of rehabilitation. Healthcare professionals should proactively offer comprehensive medical guidance, psychological support, and interventions aimed at reducing social stigma. These measures can help improve patients' sexual function, enhance intimate relationships with their partners, and ultimately elevate their overall quality of life.