An Integrated Approach to Sustainable Waste Management (Eco-fusion): Energy Recovery, Carbon Sequestration, and Pollution Mitigation

This study proposes a comprehensive waste management system that integrates multiple strategies to convert waste into valuable resources while addressing environmental sustainability. The framework encompasses waste-to-energy conversion, resource utilization, carbon capture and mineralization, and advanced pollution control technologies. Electrical energy is generated through thermoelectric modules utilizing the temperature gradient between a combustion chamber incinerating waste and an adjacent water source. Residual ash from incineration is repurposed into durable construction bricks, minimizing reliance on traditional building materials. Organic waste is processed into raw materials suitable for industrial applications, contributing to resource circularity. Carbon dioxide emissions are captured using an amine-based absorption system, yielding purified CO ₂ . The captured CO ₂ is then reacted with water to form carbonate solutions, which undergo mineralization. Further sequestration is achieved through reaction with olivine-rich basalt rock, forming stable carbonate minerals. Remaining gaseous emissions are treated via an electrostatic precipitator equipped with fabric filter bags, followed by final purification through chimney exhaust systems. The integration of these technologies provides a scalable and sustainable solution for waste management, promoting energy recovery, material reuse, and significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. This approach supports the transition toward a circular economy and cleaner environmental practices.